Question: Why is English better for poetry than the Romance languages?

Jorie Graham: The romance languages are languages that were far more infiltrated by
Latin, and the further north you go and the further you go towards the reaches of the
empire, the more the local language stayed alive in the midst of the Latin, so that if you
get as far as England, which was a place that was never conquered entirely by Latin, you
have both Anglo-Saxon and Latin present simultaneously, which makes, although the
romance languages are very mellifluous and very beautiful, the complexity of the
language as it exists in English is unique partly because at a certain point in the British
Isles you would have needed both the Latin term and the Anglo-Saxon term for the same
object. And Anglo-Saxon terms tend to be less generalizing and more precise, so you
would have a Latin word for something that would equally true anywhere in the Empire.
In other words, the word for justice, and then you would have 14 names for different
kinds of buckets used in the field, some are in the British Isles to milk endlessly different
creatures and a specific bucket named for each use.

So you have this already very rich pool, and then you bring that language across to the
colonies, and you have a very absorptive greedy English language that begins to
basically, unlike many romance cultures, happily steal words from Native American
languages and Spanish and Dutch and Portuguese and French, a lot of Native American
languages in particular and a lot of Spanish. So that, because it is a mercantile culture
right from the start, it wants to be able to buy and sell, it needs every language that it can
to do so.

So you have an enormous vocabulary influx into the English language. So you have not
only the tens of thousands of words invented by people like Shakespeare, but you also
have all the fabulous riches of these stolen words that became absorbed into America.
Then, unlike French, for example, that loves to keep its language quite pure, you have
this language which is not only impure, and increasingly so, it probably absorbs new
words every hour of every day, but it also makes it possible, because it is a language that
evolved primarily in a society that was attempting and experimenting in the removal of a
class system. And it is only an experiment, it still, you will notice in American English
that you are allowed to use high and low diction in the same phrase and not feel like you
are using an incorrect piece of the language.

If you were to begin speaking in Italian or French, a person would know within minutes
or seconds, not only where in the country you come from, but also, really, what economic
or social part of the culture you belong to.

And, so, the American language is incredibly rich. One of the things that they say about
America, that Americans have the largest vocabulary of any language that exists on the
planet today, but they have the smallest speaking vocabulary.

So when the French get very irritated and say why is English the universal language,
there are so few words in it, it is because, on the average, Americans use a tiny
percentage of the actual words that are at their disposal in the language. But it makes for
an extraordinarily rich language if you are trying to write poetry.